ZERO TYPE IF CONDITIONAL

 ZERO TYPE IF CONDITIONAL

Assalamu'alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh.

Welcome back to my blog. 

In this blog I will submit an article about ZERO TYPE IF CONDITIONAL. And at the end of this blog, I will provide a dialogue video about ZERO TYPE IF CONDITIONAL that I practice with my friend named Lutfi Kharisma.

We can make a zero conditional sentence with two present simple verbs (one in the 'if clause' and one in the 'main clause'):

If + present simple, .... present simple.

This conditional is used when the result will always happen. So, if water reaches 100 degrees, it always boils. It's a fact. I'm talking in general, not about one particular situation. The result of the 'if clause' is always the main clause.

The 'if' in this conditional can usually be replaced by 'when' without changing the meaning.

For example: If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils. (It is always true, there can't be a different result sometimes). If I eat peanuts, I am sick. (This is true only for me, maybe, not for everyone, but it's still true that I'm sick every time I eat peanuts)

Here are some more examples:

·         -   If people eat too much, they get fat. ·         -  If you touch a fire, you get burned. ·         -  People die if they don't eat. ·         -   You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen. ·         -   Snakes bite if they are scared ·         -   If babies are hungry, they cry

Source : https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/zero-conditional.html

That's the article about ZERO TYPE IF CONDITIONAL. Enough until this blog this time see you in the next blog.

PASSIVE VOICE

 PASSIVE VOICE

Assalamu'alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh.

Welcome back to my blog. 

In this blog I will submit an article about PASSIVE VOICE. And at the end of this blog, I will provide a dialogue video about PASSIVE VOICE that I practice with my friend named Lutfi Kharisma.

Passive Voice is a sentence whose subject is subject to an action or activity. sentences in which the subject does work or performs an action. In active voice, the first word is object, if in passive voice, the first word is subject.

• When do we use Passive Voice?

1. To emphasize that someone or an object experiences something.

2. When the culprit is unknown.

3. When the culprit is not important to know.

• How do I make a Passive Voice?

1. Put the object from the active voice into the subject in the passive voice.

2. Change the verb from active voice to Be + Verb 3 in passive voice.

3. Put the subject from the active voice to the agent alias the actor after the word "by.

* When changing the position of the subject and object, we also have to pay attention to the               pronoun or pronoun that is exchanged.

• Structure

Tense	Rumus Passive Voice
Simple Present	am/is/are + pp
Present Continuous	am/is/are being + pp
Simple Past	was/were + pp
Past Continuous	was/were being + pp
Present Perfect	has/have been + pp
Past Perfect	had been + pp
Simple Future	will be + pp
Future Continuous	am/is/are going to be + pp
Future Perfect	will have been + pp

1. Simple Present Tense
Aktif : S + do/does + V1
Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by + O
Contoh:
Aktif : Students speak English
Pasif : English is spoken by students

2.Present Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students is speaking English
Pasif : English is being spoken by students

3. Present Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + have/has + V3 + O
Pasif : S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students have spoken English
Pasif : English has been spoken by students

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + have/has + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + have/has + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students have been speaking English
Pasif : English has been being spoken by students

5. Simple Past Tense
Aktif : S + V2 + O
Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students spoke English
Pasif : English was spoken by students

6. Past Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + to be (was, were) + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students were speaking English
Pasif : English was being spoken by students

7. Past Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + had not + V3 + O
Pasif : S + had + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students had spoken English
Pasif : English had been spoken by students

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + had + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + had + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh:
Aktif : Students had been speaking English
Pasif : English had been being spoken by students

9. Simple Future Tense
Aktif : S + will not + V1 + O
Pasif : S + will be + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students will speak English
Pasif : English will be spoken by students

10. Future Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + will + be + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + will + be + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students will be speaking English
Pasif : English will be being spoken by students

11. Future Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + will + have + V3 + O
Pasif : S + will + have + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students will have spoken English
Pasif : English will have been spoken by students

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + will + have + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + will + have + been + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students will have been speaking English
Pasif : English will have been being spoken by students

13. Simple Future Past Tense
Aktif : S + would +  V1 + O
Pasif : S + would + be + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students would speak English
Pasif : English would be spoken by students

14.   Future Past Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + would + be + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + would + be + being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students would be speaking English
Pasif : English would be being spoken by students

15.   Future Past Perfect Tense
Aktif : S + would + have + V3 + O
Pasif : S + would + have + been + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students would have spoken English
Pasif : English would have been spoken by students

16.   Future Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Aktif : S + would + have + been + V1-ing + O
Pasif : S + would + have + been +being + V3 + by + O
Contoh :
Aktif : Students would have been speaking English
Pasif : English would have been being spoken by students

Contoh Kalimat Passive Voice pada Beberapa Tense

1	I am paid in dollars. (Saya dibayar dalam dollar.) simple present tense
2	My shoes are washed every month. (Semua sepatu saya dicuci setiap bulan.) simple present tense
3	The book was edited by Beatrice Sparks. (Buku tsb disunting oleh Beatrice Sparks.) simple past tense
4	The store will be closed. (Toko itu akan ditutup.) simple future tense
5	The room is being cleaned now. (Ruangan itu sedang dibersihkan sekarang.) present continuous tense

A song that has a passive voice in it

• It's been written in the scars on our hearts
• You're still written in the scars on my heart

That's the article about PASSIVE VOICE. Enough until this blog this time see you in the next blog.

WRITING LETTER

 Assalamu'alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakaatuh.

Welcome back to my blog. 

In this blog I will submit an article about Writing Letter. And at the end of this blog, I will provide a dialogue video about writing letters that I practice with my friend named Lutfi Kharisma.

WRITING LETTER

Letters have two types, namely Formal Letter and Informal letter also known as personal letter.

A. FORMAL LETTER

• A letter writen in a formal language with certain rules to achive certain goals.
• Used for formal purposes such as a job application letter and inquiry letter.
• Types Of Formal Letter

            *An Inquiry Letter                                    * A Rejection Letter

            * An Order Letter                                     * An Apology Letter

            * A Sales Letter                                        * An Invitation Letter

            * A Complain Letter                                 * A Collection Letter

            * A Job Application Letter

• Language Features

            * No imperative and exclamation mark

            * Use appropriate connectors, such as furthermore and moreover.

            * Grammatically Correct

            * Politeness

            * Appropriate diction.

            * Clear, concise, precise

            * Avoid acronyms, such as A.S.A.P

• Structure 

            * Sender's Address

            * Date

            * Name / Designation of the addressee

            * Adress of the Addressee

            * Salutation

            * Subject

            * Body

            * Complimenteray Close

            * Signature/Name of the Sender

            * Name/Designation of the Sender

B. INFORMAL LETTER ( Personal Letter )

• A form letter sent by a person for another person in an informal context
• Usage of personal letter

            * To Share information

            * To express gratitude

            * To give advice

            * To deliver good and bad news

            * To ask for help

            * To apologize

• Social Function/main purpose in general

            Personal letters are letters that are written to people we know such as friends, parents, siblings, and cousins. Letters are not only written to inform but o strengthen the bond between two people writing to each other. To estabilish or maintain a good relationship with someone else.

• Generic Structure

          * Receiver address

          * Salutatin/Opening remarks

          * Opening pasraraph

               Optional :

          * Signature ( before sender's name/initial )

          * Postscript/P.S (after sender's name/initial )

• Sentence Structure

           * Accuracy of grammar is important

           * Complete sentences are expected

           * Slang can be used

           * Use the contractions such as "I'll", "I'm", "We'll'

           * Use personal pronouns such as "I", "We", "You"

           * Use active voice

• Style :

        * Language use may be personal like first and second person pronouns.

        * Be warm.

        * Use the person's name you are writing to.

        * Vary sentence length.

        * Write in a natural, conversational style. 

        * Let your personality shine through in your writing.

• Structure

• Some usefull expressions for letter writing
  
  
  
  

• Example 

• A dialogue video about writing letters that I practiced with my friend Lutfi Kharisma.

That's the article about Writing Letter. Enough until this blog this time see you in the next blog.